产业生产率变化:企业进入退出、所有制与政府补贴——以装备制造业为例Changes of Industry Productivity: Firm Entry and Exit、Ownership and Government Subsidies——A Case Study of Equipment Manufacturing Industry
吴利华,申振佳
摘要(Abstract):
本文以1999~2007年装备制造业规模以上企业为样本,研究我国国有企业改制阶段进入退出对产业生产率的影响。研究发现:(1)装备制造业进入退出频繁,国有控股企业占比不断减少,非国有控股企业占比大幅增加,呈现出"国退民进"态势;(2)随着高生产率企业的进入和低生产率企业的退出,装备制造业生产率水平逐年提高,产业结构不断优化,国有控股和非国有控股企业生产率差距逐步缩小;(3)政府对国有企业存在"父爱主义"情结,政府更倾向于补贴在市场竞争中处于弱势、生产率低的国有控股小型企业;(4)装备制造业小型企业大量进入和退出,其进入退出容易,但生存不易。非国有控股小企业在竞争中存活源于较高的生产率,而国有控股小企业存活源于政府补贴。
关键词(KeyWords): 进入;退出;所有制;产业生产率;政府补贴
基金项目(Foundation): 教育部人文社会科学研究项目“全球制造网络下我国装备制造业的产业周期、战略群组与企业生存研究——基于合作共生视角”(项目编号:10YJA630168);; 国家社科基金“网络组织与中小企业节能减排研究”(项目编号:11BGL061)
作者(Author): 吴利华,申振佳
DOI: 10.13269/j.cnki.ier.2013.04.008
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